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List of monarchs of Luxembourg
The territory of Luxembourg has been ruled successively by counts, dukes and grand dukes. It was part of the medieval Kingdom of Germany, and later the Holy Roman Empire until it became a sovereign state in 1815.
House of the Ardennes (963-1136)
963- 998 Sigefroid
998-1026 Henri I - son of Sigefroid
1026-1047 Henri II - nephew of Henri I
1047-1059 Giselbert - brother of Henri II
1059-1086 Conrad I (first Count of Luxembourg) - son of Giselbert
1086-1096 Henri III - son of Conrad I
1096-1129 Guillaume - brother of Henri III
1129-1136 Conrad II - son of Guillaume
House of Namur (1136-1247)
1136-1196 Henri IV the Blind - cousin of Conrad II
1196-1247 Ermesinde - daughter of Henri IV
House of Luxembourg-Limbourg (1247-1443)
In 1354 the county was elevated to a duchy.
1247-1281 Henri V the Blond - son of Ermesinde
1281-1288 Henri VI - son of Henri V
1288-1310 Henri VII 1274 - son of Henri VI
1310-1346 Jean the Blind - son of Henri VII
1346-1353 Charles IV - son of Jean the Blind
1353-1383 Wenceslas I (first Duke of Luxembourg) - half-brother of Charles IV
1383-1419 Wenceslas II - son of Charles IV
1419-1437 Sigismond - half-brother of Wenceslas II
1437-1439 Albert II of Austria - son-in-law of Sigismond
1439-1443 Guillaume of Saxony - son-in-law of Albert of Austria
Burgundian Dominion (1443-1506)
In 1467, when Elisabeth II of Austria, last rival claimant to the title, renounced her rights, Philip III's son, Charles, Duke of Burgundy, assumed the title of duke of Luxembourg, making it a subsidiary title of the Duke of Burgundy.
1443-1467 Philip the Good
1467-1477 Charles the Bold - son of Philip the Good
1477-1482 Marie of Burgundy ( Maximilian I of Austria) - daughter of Charles the Bold
1482-1506 Philip the Fair (Juana of Spain) - son of Marie of Burgund
In 1482 Luxembourg passed to the House of Habsburg. After the abdication of Emperor Charles V, the duchy of Luxembourg fell to the Spanish line of the House of Habsburg.
First Spanish Dominion (1506-1684)
1506-1555 Charles V - son of Philip the Fair
1555-1598 Philip II - son of Charles V
1598-1621 Isabella (Albert of Austria) - daughter of Philip II
1621-1665 Philip IV - grandson of Philip II
1665-1684 Charles II - son of Philip IV
First French Dominion (1684-1698)
1684-1698 Louis XIV
Second Spanish Dominion (1698-1715)
1698-1700 Charles II - son of Philip IV
1700-1711 Philip V - great-nephew of Charles II
1711-1714 Maximilian Emanuel of Bavaria
Austrian Dominion (1715-1795)
1715-1740 Charles VI
1740-1780 Maria Theresa - daughter of Charles VI
1780-1790 Joseph II - son of Maria Theresa
1790-1792 Leopold II - brother of Joseph II
1792-1795 Francis II - son of Leopold II
Second French Dominion (1795-1815)
1795-1804 [French Republic]
1804-1814 Napoleon I
Orange-Nassau Dynasty (1815-1890)
In 1815, the Grand Powers assembled at the Congress of Vienna decided to create a Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and assign it personally to the King of Holland, William 1st of Orange-Nassau, in compensation for the transfer by him here in Prussia four years ago principalities located on the right bank of the Rhine.
From that date, the kings of the Netherlands also took the title of Grand Duke of Luxembourg. This personal union lasted until 1890, when the throne of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, according to the family pact of 1783, passed to the branch of Nassau-Weilburg.
1815-1840 Guillaume I (first Grand Duke of Luxembourg)
1840-1849 Guillaume II - son of Guillaume I
1849-1890 Guillaume III - son of Guillaume II
Nassau-Weilburg Dynasty (from 1890)
The Grand Duke of Luxembourg (or Grand Duchess in the case of a female monarch) is the head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is the world's only extant sovereign Grand Duchy, a status to which Luxembourg was promoted in 1815 upon its unification with the Netherlands under the House of Orange-Nassau.
The Luxembourg constitution defines the Grand Duke's position:
“ The Grand Duke is the head of state, symbol of its unity, and guarantor of national independence. He exercises executive power in accordance with the Constitution and the laws of the country."
1890-1905 Adolphe
1905-1912 Guillaume IV - son of Adolphe
1912-1919 Marie-Adélaïde - daughter of Guillaume IV
1919-1964 Charlotte - sister of Marie-Adélaïde
1964-2000 Jean - son of Charlotte
2000- Henri - son of Jean
The territory of Luxembourg has been ruled successively by counts, dukes and grand dukes. It was part of the medieval Kingdom of Germany, and later the Holy Roman Empire until it became a sovereign state in 1815.
House of the Ardennes (963-1136)
963- 998 Sigefroid
998-1026 Henri I - son of Sigefroid
1026-1047 Henri II - nephew of Henri I
1047-1059 Giselbert - brother of Henri II
1059-1086 Conrad I (first Count of Luxembourg) - son of Giselbert
1086-1096 Henri III - son of Conrad I
1096-1129 Guillaume - brother of Henri III
1129-1136 Conrad II - son of Guillaume
House of Namur (1136-1247)
1136-1196 Henri IV the Blind - cousin of Conrad II
1196-1247 Ermesinde - daughter of Henri IV
House of Luxembourg-Limbourg (1247-1443)
In 1354 the county was elevated to a duchy.
1247-1281 Henri V the Blond - son of Ermesinde
1281-1288 Henri VI - son of Henri V
1288-1310 Henri VII 1274 - son of Henri VI
1310-1346 Jean the Blind - son of Henri VII
1346-1353 Charles IV - son of Jean the Blind
1353-1383 Wenceslas I (first Duke of Luxembourg) - half-brother of Charles IV
1383-1419 Wenceslas II - son of Charles IV
1419-1437 Sigismond - half-brother of Wenceslas II
1437-1439 Albert II of Austria - son-in-law of Sigismond
1439-1443 Guillaume of Saxony - son-in-law of Albert of Austria
Burgundian Dominion (1443-1506)
In 1467, when Elisabeth II of Austria, last rival claimant to the title, renounced her rights, Philip III's son, Charles, Duke of Burgundy, assumed the title of duke of Luxembourg, making it a subsidiary title of the Duke of Burgundy.
1443-1467 Philip the Good
1467-1477 Charles the Bold - son of Philip the Good
1477-1482 Marie of Burgundy ( Maximilian I of Austria) - daughter of Charles the Bold
1482-1506 Philip the Fair (Juana of Spain) - son of Marie of Burgund
In 1482 Luxembourg passed to the House of Habsburg. After the abdication of Emperor Charles V, the duchy of Luxembourg fell to the Spanish line of the House of Habsburg.
First Spanish Dominion (1506-1684)
1506-1555 Charles V - son of Philip the Fair
1555-1598 Philip II - son of Charles V
1598-1621 Isabella (Albert of Austria) - daughter of Philip II
1621-1665 Philip IV - grandson of Philip II
1665-1684 Charles II - son of Philip IV
First French Dominion (1684-1698)
1684-1698 Louis XIV
Second Spanish Dominion (1698-1715)
1698-1700 Charles II - son of Philip IV
1700-1711 Philip V - great-nephew of Charles II
1711-1714 Maximilian Emanuel of Bavaria
Austrian Dominion (1715-1795)
1715-1740 Charles VI
1740-1780 Maria Theresa - daughter of Charles VI
1780-1790 Joseph II - son of Maria Theresa
1790-1792 Leopold II - brother of Joseph II
1792-1795 Francis II - son of Leopold II
Second French Dominion (1795-1815)
1795-1804 [French Republic]
1804-1814 Napoleon I
Orange-Nassau Dynasty (1815-1890)
In 1815, the Grand Powers assembled at the Congress of Vienna decided to create a Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and assign it personally to the King of Holland, William 1st of Orange-Nassau, in compensation for the transfer by him here in Prussia four years ago principalities located on the right bank of the Rhine.
From that date, the kings of the Netherlands also took the title of Grand Duke of Luxembourg. This personal union lasted until 1890, when the throne of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, according to the family pact of 1783, passed to the branch of Nassau-Weilburg.
1815-1840 Guillaume I (first Grand Duke of Luxembourg)
1840-1849 Guillaume II - son of Guillaume I
1849-1890 Guillaume III - son of Guillaume II
Nassau-Weilburg Dynasty (from 1890)
The Grand Duke of Luxembourg (or Grand Duchess in the case of a female monarch) is the head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is the world's only extant sovereign Grand Duchy, a status to which Luxembourg was promoted in 1815 upon its unification with the Netherlands under the House of Orange-Nassau.
The Luxembourg constitution defines the Grand Duke's position:
“ The Grand Duke is the head of state, symbol of its unity, and guarantor of national independence. He exercises executive power in accordance with the Constitution and the laws of the country."
1890-1905 Adolphe
1905-1912 Guillaume IV - son of Adolphe
1912-1919 Marie-Adélaïde - daughter of Guillaume IV
1919-1964 Charlotte - sister of Marie-Adélaïde
1964-2000 Jean - son of Charlotte
2000- Henri - son of Jean
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