In Norway, the Royal Standard is flown over the Royal Palace whenever the King is in Norway or Norwegian territories, with the exception for when he is in residence at Stiftsgården in Trondheim or is on board the Royal Yacht (and in Norwegian waters) neither the Royal Standard nor any other flag is flown over the Palace. - The reason for this is that on these occasions the Royal Standard is hoisted either at Stiftsgården or on the Royal Yacht and the Royal Standard is never flown in two places at once.
When the King is abroad, the Crown Prince is Regent. On such occasions the Standard of the Crown Prince is flown over the Palace. If both are abroad, then the Norwegian State Flag is flown above the Palace. The Norwegian State Flag resembles the Norwegian National flag, but is swallow-tailed and has a third tail (the ''tongue'') between the two other tails.
Read more about it here:
Flags at the Royal Palace - The Royal House of Norway
But what is flown over the other Royal Residences when the King and other members of the Norwegian Royal House is there? Well, there are no information about it in the English Royal House article above, so let's translate from the Norwegian version:
Flagging fra Slottet - kongehuset.no -
translation
The Royal Yacht: As mentioned above, the Royal Standard is flown on the yacht when the King is on board, but it's also flown if the Queen is on board without the King.
If the Crown Prince is on board, the yacht will carry the CP Standard - provided that the King is not on board.
Stiftsgården: As mentioned above, the Royal Standard is flown there when the King is in residence.
If the Crown Prince is there, then the CP Standard is flown - again, provided that the King is not in residence.
When other members of the Royal House (including the Queen) is in residence, the Norwegian State Flag is flown. - It's also flown on official flag days.
Bygdø Kongsgård: When the King or other members of the Royal House is in residence, the Norwegian State Flag is flown. - It's also flown on official flag days.
Skaugum, Oscarshall and Gamlehaugen: The Norwegian State Flag is flown when the King or other members of the Royal House is in residence. - It's also flown on official flag days.
Kongsseteren: The Norwegian National Flag is flown every Sunday and on official flag days - in accordance with the flag rules. When the King or other members of the Royal House is in residence, a Norwegian pennant is flown.
Mågerø and Prinsehytta: The Norwegian National Flag is flown every Sunday and on official flag days - in accordance with the flag rules. When the King or other members of the Royal House is in residence, the Norwegian National Flag or a Norwegian pennant is flown.
Ledaal: No information.
BTW: I have no information about what is flown if the non-royal house Princesses Märtha & Astrid is in residence on these estates, but probably just a Norwegian pennant, or nothing at all.
If I understand it, the Royal Standard is reserved for the most important residences, and the Norwegian National Flag is flown over residences which are too low in position for the Royal Standard or the Norwegian State Flag. 
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