Kaiser Wilhelm II and World War I


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The Kaiser, also, tried to avoid WWI. He was not the first into war, but the Emperor Franz Joseph.
Well, Franz Josef indeed was the first one into war, starting the war against Serbia. But it was Wilhelm II who started the war against Russia and France, invading Belgium and the Netherlands and therefore involving the Uniter Kingdom in the war.
Hard to say that he tried to avoid the war.
 
Also, giving support to the Austrians for the ultimatum they have to the Serbians. I.e. the Austrians would not have attacked Serbia without Germany's backing.
 
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What military positions did the sons of Wilhelm II have during the First World War?

In Long to Reign?, A. W. Purdue wrote:

Wilhelm II had played a central role in German decision making, but by 1914 he was no longer the autocrat he felt himself to be. The events of July and August 1914 demonstrate that his commands were no longer faithfully obeyed by his Chancellor.

During the First World War, did Wilhelm II's son-in-law, Prince Ernest Augustus (Ernst August), Duke of Brunswick have a military position?
 
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What military positions did the sons of Wilhelm II have during the First World War?


Wilhelm was named commander of the 5th Army, then later he became commander of Army Group German Crown Prince. In 1916 his troops were involved in he Verdun Offense. He would later be relieved of command of the 5th Army, but remained in command of the Army Group.

Eitel had a more military background. At the start of the war he was in command of the Prussian First Foot Guards and was wounded at Bapaume. In 1915 he fought in the Eastern front. He was awarded the Iron Cross.

Adalbert was in the marines. He started the war as a Lieutenant on the SMS Kaiser, in 1917 he was a Lieutenant Commander on the SMS Danzig, and by 1918 he was a Commander on the SMS Dresden. He to was awarded the Iron Cross.

Augustus Wilhelm was a district administrator for Ruppin during the war.

Oskar started the war commanding a regiment, where he directly lead his men in battle. By the end of 1914 he had been awarded the Iron Cross twice, both first and second class. He was injured though, and after recovering went on to fight on the Eastern Front, where he was injured again.

Joachim was a 2nd lieutenant and was also awarded the Iron Cross.
 
Although blaming the Kaiser was a popular thign after WWI, the historical consensus has moved on decades ago. They went from blaming the Serbians, the Kaiser-Germans, the European state system only to end up at the start. At present the consensus is that the Serbian nationalists are mainly responsible. They knowingly risked a European was to suit their own nationalistic ambitions: see f.e. ´World War One. The Global Revlution´ by Lawrence Sondhaus (Cambridge 2011).
The Kaiser had little to say at the beginning of the war and had become a puppet of the generals by the end of it.
 
In anglosaxon media Wilhelm II is always presented as the evil genius, but very much alike his grandmother Victoria, his uncle Edward VII and his cousin George V he was a ceremonial head of state, be it a very omnipresent one, so much more aware about mass-media than his British relatives.

Even the formal leader of the German Government when WWI broke out, Reichskanzler Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, was no match for the strong and powerful generals as Von Moltke, Von Falkenhayn, Von Hindenburg and Ludendorff. Especially under the last two generals, both Wilhelm II as well the Government became more and more irrelevant and outmanoeuvred from the decisionmaking. The Oberste Heeresleitung (Supreme Army Command) more and more developed into a military junta, de-facto ruling Germany.

The same phenomenon could be seen in Russia, Austria-Hungary and again in Italy (WWII), all leading to the fall of the monarchy. All these ceremonial figureheads became victims as embodiment of the hopelessly failed military campaigns at the cost of so many lives and which ruined their countries. On itself Wilhelm, Franz-Joseph, Nicholas and Vittorio-Emmanuele were pretty irrelevant in the whole decisionmaking but nevertheless all lost their thrones.
 
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During the First World War, did Wilhelm II's son-in-law, Prince Ernest Augustus (Ernst August), Duke of Brunswick have a military position?


On his marriage, Ernest Augustus took a commission as cavalry captain and company commander in the Zieten-Hussans. During the war he rose to the rank of major-general.
 
What role, if any, did the Empress Augusta Victoria partake of during the First World War? Did she partake in nursing?

In Long to Reign?, A. W. Purdue wrote:

Kaiser Wilhelm subdued his ambivalent attitude towards his mother's homeland and blamed Britain and especially his Uncle Edward for the war.

In The Kings and Queens of England, Ian Crofton wrote:

'I look upon him (Wilhelm II),' George V noted in his diary just after the end of the war, "as the greatest criminal known for having plunged the world into this ghastly war.'

In Long to Reign?, A. W. Purdue wrote:

The Kaiser, the 'Supreme Warlord', had looked impressive enough when reviewing his troops or presiding over military exercises, but he had neither the determination nor the knowledge to exercise control over the complex machinery of war.
 
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For those not wishing to deal with Facebook, the Churchill photo is here. From either 1906 or 1909.
 
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