Maria olivia,
Let's first apologize, because this is not exactly the topic of this forum, but i will try to answer your questions.
"Haute couture" definitely means totally handmade. Actually "haute couture" is a name which is legally protected. It belongs to the "chambre syndicale de la haute couture" in Paris.
The list of members is very restricted and one can enter this list only if one satifies during many years to a list of conditions, which are :
-Handmade work, even for the embroideries, feathers and so on...
-A specific number of employees (no less than ....)
-Presentation every year of a specific number of dresses
-Participation every year to the two défilé of "haute couture" january and june...
You don't have to french to be a member but you have to respect theses rules.
At the moment there are 11 members (chanel, lacroix, Christian Dior, Gaultier and so on...), 4 associate foreigners members and 13 guests. The guest are "on trial", they are supposed to become permanent members after a few years.
In addition there are some "maisons" which specialised in specific activities related to haute couture, like embroidery for Lesage who is the most famous, and of course the fabric makers... Them too, have to respect specific rules, handmade work beeing the most important.
The shows are organized twice a year,mainly to show the tendance of the season. When a dress is chosen by a cliente, it is then made to her size, taste and sometimes even colour. It needs at least two or three fittings.
There are between 4 and 500 women in the world who can afford these dresses and they travel to Paris twice year for the shows and then for the fittings. The price of the dresses, depending on the hours of work, the fabrics, the details varies between 50 000 euros to 100 000 euros... Haute couture is very rarely a profitable activity for a house, but it is the laboratory of "fashion" in France.
The trends beeing set during the défilés are usually reused every year in the "prêt à porter" collections which are made in factorie's even if they are sometimes sold with a fitting.
All this is still in use and this is what makes a dress unique and so beautifully made. Behind some dresses there are 1000 of hours of work of cousettes which have an incredible savoir-faire.
A few years ago you, there was an exhibition in Brussels of princess lilian's haute couture dresses; And if you check the images you will see that for prince Philippe's wedding , princesse esmeralda was wearing a strawberry ensemble that was one of her mother's haute couture dress made more than forty years before, it was absolutely perfect.
The only princess i know who wear haute couture theses days would be marie chantal of greece. To give you an example, the duchess of Castro pink ensemble at prince jean duke of vendôme's wedding was not everyone's taste, but i can tell you, having seen it from very close, that the details, the fabric, the lace, the embroideries were absolutely perfect. It was definitely haute couture. And i would say, pure guess, that princess Philomena's dress on her civil wedding was more haute couture, than the dress she wore on her religious wedding.
Sorry for beeing so long but haute couture is something very specific and i tried to explain. It is a bit like real and cultured pearls. And to give you a last example.
A "prêt à porter " dress is usually sold as it is on the size of the woman who buys it and she has to look her best with it. A "haute couture" dress will be made on the precise mesures of the woman who is going to wear it, litterally on her body, the whole purpose of the couturier, the premières d'ateliers, the "plisseuses" the cousettes is to make the dress in order that it makes the cliente look her best.
If her arms are a bit too big, the fabric on the sleeves will be reduced to it's minimum, in order to make them look smaller... and so on...
All the lucky clientes say they are "addicted" to haute couture; And last, but not least, it is a perfectly "clean " businness. A haute couture dress can not be made with fabrics made by exploited children in sordid factories...
All the best as usual